A Study on the Effectiveness of Nurse-Led Cardiovascular Health Education Among Pregnant Women in Adamawa State
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Background of the Study
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) during pregnancy pose significant risks to maternal and fetal health. Conditions such as hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes, and peripartum cardiomyopathy can increase complications during pregnancy, labor, and postpartum periods. Cardiovascular health education is an essential intervention that empowers pregnant women to adopt heart-healthy behaviors, including proper diet, regular exercise, and adherence to prenatal care recommendations.
Nurses play a crucial role in providing cardiovascular health education, particularly in rural and underserved areas like Adamawa State. Nurse-led health education programs have been shown to improve maternal health outcomes by increasing awareness, promoting lifestyle modifications, and ensuring early detection of cardiovascular complications. However, the effectiveness of these interventions in Adamawa State remains largely unexamined, necessitating a study to evaluate their impact on maternal cardiovascular health.
Statement of the Problem
Cardiovascular complications are a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide, yet many pregnant women lack adequate knowledge about risk factors and preventive measures. In Adamawa State, limited access to healthcare, cultural beliefs, and low literacy levels may hinder effective cardiovascular health education. Nurse-led interventions have the potential to bridge this knowledge gap, but their effectiveness in improving health outcomes has not been adequately assessed.
This study aims to evaluate the impact of nurse-led cardiovascular health education on pregnant women’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices in Adamawa State. The findings will help determine whether such interventions should be expanded and optimized for better maternal health outcomes.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the knowledge levels of pregnant women regarding cardiovascular health before and after nurse-led education.
2. To evaluate the impact of nurse-led cardiovascular health education on pregnant women's adoption of heart-healthy behaviors.
3. To identify barriers to effective cardiovascular health education in Adamawa State.
Research Questions
1. How does nurse-led cardiovascular health education impact pregnant women’s knowledge of cardiovascular diseases?
2. What is the effect of nurse-led education on pregnant women's adoption of heart-healthy behaviors?
3. What are the barriers to effective cardiovascular health education in Adamawa State?
Research Hypotheses
1. Pregnant women have limited knowledge of cardiovascular health before receiving nurse-led education.
2. Nurse-led cardiovascular health education significantly improves pregnant women’s adoption of heart-healthy behaviors.
3. Socioeconomic and cultural barriers hinder the effectiveness of cardiovascular health education in Adamawa State.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in selected healthcare facilities in Adamawa State. Data will be collected using pre- and post-education assessments, interviews, and focus group discussions. Limitations may include recall bias in self-reported behavior changes and variations in education delivery methods.
Definitions of Terms
• Cardiovascular Health Education: A structured program aimed at increasing awareness of heart health, risk factors, and preventive measures.
• Nurse-Led Intervention: A health education approach led by nurses to empower patients with knowledge and self-care strategies.
• Heart-Healthy Behaviors: Lifestyle choices such as a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and stress management that reduce cardiovascular risk.
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